ABSTRACT
Introduction: Menorrhagia is one of the commonest clinical conditions for which patients seek advice in the gynecological outpatient department. Aim and objectives of study: To determine the prevalence of various histopathological changes, patterns and lesions of endometrium associated with menorrhagia in the women of different age groups; to describe the morphological features of various lesions of endometrium; to assess demographic pattern of various types of endometrium lesions in this part of our country and to do clinicopathological correlation and give diagnosis based on it. Materials and methods: This was a prospective, non-interventional and observational hospital based crosssectional one year study carried out between January 2020 to June 2021 in Histopathology Department of Dhiraj Hospital on 52 cases of D & C and hysterectomy specimens. All the specimens were fixed in 10% formalin were received in the department of Pathology and processed and embedded in paraffin wax. Multiple serial sections of 4-5 microns thickness were obtained from the paraffin block and then stained with H & E. Detailed study of the sections was done by light microscopy. Results: 52 cases of menorrhagia were studied clinically and histopathologically. In present study, large proportion of patients with menorrhagia showed proliferative endometrial pattern (38.46%) followed by secretory phase (34.62%). Hyperplastic pattern was seen in 13.46% of patients. Non hyperplastic endometrial pattern was more common than hyperplastic pattern. Simple hyperplasia was more commonly seen than complex and atypical hyperplasia. Overall incidence of atypical hyperplasia was low (28.57%) and atrophic endometrium seen in 5.7% of cases. Endometrial polyp was seen in 3.84% cases and endometrial carcinoma was seen in 3.84% cases. Conclusion: Histopathological study of endometrium is very useful to reveal different endometrial patterns in menorrhagia and to distinguish between anovulatory and ovulatory causes. It is also useful for the diagnosis of endometrial hyperplasia and endometrial carcinoma.